Equity 6 Nasdaq Risk Management Service; Other Systems and Programs
(a) The term "Clearing Broker" shall mean a firm that acts as principal for clearing and settling a trade, whether for its own account or for a correspondent firm.
(b) The term "Correspondent Executing Broker" shall mean a firm that has a correspondent relationship with a clearing firm whereby it executes trades and the clearing function is the responsibility of the clearing firm.
(c) The terms "Gross Dollar Thresholds" or "Super Caps" shall mean the daily dollar amounts for purchases and sales that a clearing broker establishes in the Nasdaq Risk Management system for each correspondent executing
broker that may be raised or lowered on an inter-day or intra-day basis.
(d) The term "Pre-alert" shall mean the alert notifying the correspondent executing broker and the clearing broker that the correspondent executing broker has equaled or exceeded 70% of any purchase or sale gross dollar amount.
(e) The term "Single Trade Limit" shall mean the pre-established dollar amount established by Nasdaq for a single trade, above which the Nasdaq Risk Management system enables a clearing firm to review the trade before it is
obligated to clear the trade.
(f) "Trade Reporting Facility" shall mean a facility of another self-regulatory organization that provides a mechanism for reporting transactions and that has agreed to accept instructions provided by the Nasdaq Risk Management
system on behalf of clearing brokers.
(g) The terms "correspondent executing broker" and "clearing broker" shall also include, where appropriate, the Non-Member Clearing Organizations listed in FINRA Rule 7220A and their qualifying members.
Amended Nov. 23, 2020 (SR-NASDAQ-2020-079).
(a) Nasdaq Risk Management is an automated system that allows clearing brokers to monitor credit exposure to corresponding firms for which they clear trades. Nasdaq Risk Management monitors exposure with respect to trades executed
through the facilities of Nasdaq, trades reported to Trade Reporting Facilities, and other trades for which Nasdaq Risk Management receives a "drop copy" of the trade report. Clearing brokers may utilize the Nasdaq Risk Management functions upon execution
of the Nasdaq Risk Management Agreement.
(b) The Nasdaq system will provide the following risk management capabilities to clearing brokers that have executed an agreement authorizing the use of the Nasdaq Risk Management service:
(1) Trade File Scan
Clearing brokers may scan the trading activities of their correspondent executing brokers.
(2) Gross Dollar Thresholds ("Super Caps") and Sizeable Limits
Clearing brokers may establish, on an inter-day or intra-day basis, gross dollar thresholds (also known as "Super Caps") for purchases and sales for their correspondent executing brokers. When any of a correspondent's gross dollar
thresholds are exceeded, notice will be furnished to the clearing broker and to Trade Reporting Facilities. In such event, Nasdaq Risk Management will automatically instruct Trade Reporting Facilities that any trade in excess of an applicable "sizeable limit"
that is negotiated by the correspondent will be subject to review by the clearing broker until such time as the correspondent's trading activity no longer exceeds a gross dollar threshold. Specifically, the clearing broker will have 15 minutes from execution
to review any single trade negotiated by the correspondent that equals or exceeds the applicable sizeable limit in order to decide to act as principal for the trade or to decline to act as principal. If the clearing broker does not affirmatively accept or
decline the "sizeable trade," at the end of 15 minutes the system will instruct Trade Reporting Facilities to act in accordance with pre-established processing criteria, as described below.
(A) ACT Workstation Users
(i) Clearing brokers that use the ACT Workstation may establish gross dollar thresholds and sizeable limits for each of their correspondent executing brokers. They may establish different gross dollar thresholds and sizeable limits
for each type of security (i.e., Nasdaq Global Market, Nasdaq Capital Market, Consolidated Quotations Service, or OTC Bulletin Board), as well as an aggregate gross dollar threshold and sizeable limit for all types of securities.
(ii) Notice will be provided to all Nasdaq Risk Management participants when a correspondent's aggregate gross dollar threshold is exceeded, but will be provided solely to the clearing broker if the gross dollar threshold for a type
of security is exceeded.
(iii) Clearing brokers that use the ACT Workstation may also establish the default processing criteria that will apply to sizeable trades when a correspondent's gross dollar threshold has been exceeded; the clearing broker may specify
that after 15 minutes, if the clearing broker does not affirmatively accept or decline the trade, the Risk Management Service will instruct Trade Reporting Facilities that such trades should be either automatically declined or automatically subjected to normal
processing in which the clearing broker will act as principal to clear the trades.
(B) Other Nasdaq Risk Management Users
(i) Clearing brokers that do not use the ACT Workstation may establish aggregate gross dollar thresholds for each of their correspondent executing brokers, but may not establish gross dollar thresholds for each type of security (i.e.,
Nasdaq Global Market, Nasdaq Capital Market, Consolidated Quotations Service, or OTC Bulletin Board).
(ii) Notice will be provided to all Nasdaq Risk Management participants when a correspondent's aggregate gross dollar threshold is exceeded.
(iii) The sizeable limit is $200,000 for all clearing brokers that do not use the ACT Workstation. When a correspondent's aggregate gross dollar threshold is exceeded, Nasdaq Risk Management will instruct Trade Reporting Facilities
that no trade in excess of the sizeable limit should be accepted for processing unless the clearing broker accepts the trade within 15 minutes of execution.
(3) Gross Dollar Threshold Pre-Alert
The Nasdaq Risk Management system will also alert the clearing broker and its correspondent when the correspondent's trading activity equals or exceeds 70% of any gross dollar threshold established by the clearing broker for that
correspondent.
(4) End of Day Recap
Clearing brokers that use the computer-to-computer interface protocol will be able to receive an end of day recap of all trade detail information of their correspondents.
(5) On-line Review
Clearing brokers that use the computer-to-computer interface will be able to receive intra-day activity of their correspondents as it is reported.
(6) Single Trade Limit
Clearing brokers may request that the Nasdaq Risk Management service instruct Trade Reporting Facilities to provide 15 minutes from trade report input to review any single trade executed by their correspondent executing brokers that
equals or exceeds a pre-established limit in order to decide to act as principal for the trade or to decline to act as principal. If, however, the clearing firm does not affirmatively accept or decline the trade, at the end of 15 minutes the system will instruct
Trade Reporting Facilities to act in accordance with pre-established processing criteria, as described below.
(A) ACT Workstation Users. Clearing brokers that use the ACT Workstation may establish single trade limits for each of their correspondent executing brokers, and may establish different limits for each type of security (i.e., Nasdaq
Global Market, Nasdaq Capital Market, Consolidated Quotations Service, or OTC Bulletin Board). Such clearing brokers may also establish the default processing criteria that will apply to trades that exceed the single trade limit after 15 minutes if the clearing
broker does not affirmatively accept or decline the trade; the clearing broker may specify that the system will instruct Trade Reporting Facilities that such trades should be either automatically declined or automatically subjected to normal processing in
which the clearing broker will act as principal to clear the trades.
(B) Other Nasdaq Risk Management Users. For clearing brokers that do not use the ACT Workstation, the single trade limit is $1,000,000. If such a clearing broker does not affirmatively accept or decline a trade that exceeds the single
trade limit, at the end of 15 minutes the system will instruct Trade Reporting Facilities to subject the trade to normal processing and the clearing broker will be obligated to act as principal to clear the trade.
Amended Nov. 23, 2020 (SR-NASDAQ-2020-079).
(a) Definition. The Nasdaq Kill Switch is an optional tool offered at no charge that enables Participants to establish pre-determined levels of risk exposure, to receive notifications as the value of executed orders,
and if applicable, unexecuted orders approaches the risk levels, and to have order entry ports disabled and unexecuted orders administratively cancelled when the value of executed orders, and if applicable, unexecuted orders exceeds the risk levels set forth
below. For purposes of this Rule, the term "Participant" has the meaning set forth in Equity 1, Section 1(a)(5).
(1) Gross Executed Risk Exposure. This refers to a pre-established maximum daily dollar amount for buy and sell orders across all symbols, where both buy and sell orders are counted as positive values. For purposes of calculating
Gross Executed Risk Exposure, only executed orders are included.
(2) Gross Notional Risk Exposure. This refers to a pre-established maximum daily dollar amount for buy and sell orders across all symbols, where both buy and sell orders are counted as positive values. For purposes of calculating
Gross Notional Risk Exposure, unexecuted orders on the Exchange book and executed orders are included.
(b) Establishing and Adjusting Levels. Participants or a Participant’s clearing member, as designated pursuant to paragraph (d), may set risk levels for each MPID individually. Each Participant, or a Participant’s clearing
member, as designated pursuant to paragraph (d), is responsible for establishing and maintaining its risk levels. Participants or a Participant’s clearing member, as designated pursuant to paragraph (d), may set and adjust risk level values before the beginning
of a trading day and during the trading day.
(c) Notification. Participants and a Participant’s clearing member, as designated pursuant to paragraph (d), will receive notifications when the total value of executed orders and, if applicable, unexecuted orders associated
with an MPID exceeds 50, 75, 85, 90, and 95 percent of either of the risk level values. When either risk level value is exceeded, the notification will include the total number of orders cancelled and remaining open in the System.
(d) Clearing Member Designation. A Participant that does not self-clear may allocate the responsibility for establishing and adjusting the risk levels identified in paragraph (a) of this Rule to a clearing member that
clears transactions on behalf of the Participant, if designated in a manner prescribed by the Exchange. A Participant that chooses to allocate responsibility to its clearing member may view any risk levels established by the clearing member pursuant to this
Rule, and will be notified of any action taken by the Exchange with respect to its trading activity. By allocating responsibility to its clearing member, the Participant consents to the Exchange taking action with respect to the Participant’s trading activity
as provided for in paragraph (e) of this Rule. A Participant may revoke responsibility allocated to its clearing member pursuant to this paragraph at any time, if designated in a manner prescribed by the Exchange.
(e) Breach Action and Reinstatement. Unless cancellation is prohibited by Rule 4752, 4753, or 4754, when a pre-established risk level is breached and the Kill Switch is triggered, it shall result in the immediate cancellation
of all unexecuted orders of any type or duration entered by the Participant via the affected MPID, and in the immediate prevention of order entry of any type via the affected MPID. The Participant or the Participant’s clearing member, if designated pursuant
to paragraph (d), must request reactivation of the MPID before trading will be reauthorized.
Adopted Feb. 4, 2014 (SR-NASDAQ-2014-017), operative Mar. 6, 2014; amended Oct. 18, 2017 (SR-NASDAQ-2017-111); amended June 25, 2020 (SR-NASDAQ-2020-034), operative Sep. 28, 2020; amended Nov. 23, 2020 (SR-NASDAQ-2020-079).
The Exchange may share any Participant risk settings in the trading system specified in Equity 6, Section 5 with the clearing member that clears transactions on behalf of the Participant. For purposes of this Rule, the term "Participant" has the meaning
set forth in Equity 1, Section 1(a)(5).
Amended Nov. 23, 2020 (SR-NASDAQ-2020-079).
The Exchange offers certain risk settings applicable to a Participant's activities on the Exchange. The risk settings currently offered by the Exchange are:
(a) Share Size Control - When enabled by a Participant, this optional control will allow a Participant to limit the number of shares that the Participant may associate with an order placed on the Exchange;
(b) Order Type/Attribution Check - This control relates to the order types or modifiers that can be utilized (including pre-market, post-market, short sales, non-auction market orders and Intermarket Sweep Orders);
(c) Cancel-on-Disconnect Control - When enabled by a Participant, this optional control will allow a Participant, when it experiences a disruption in its connection to the Exchange, to immediately cancel all pending Exchange orders
except for those designated for the Opening or Closing Crosses and Good-Till-Canceled orders (RASH & FIX only);
(d) The Nasdaq Kill Switch - This control is described in Equity 6, Section 3;
(e) Limit Order Protection - This control is described in Rule 4757(c);
(f) Price Collar Check - This control will automatically restrict a routed order from executing at a price that differs from the NBBO (at the time of order entry) by more than five percent or $0.25, whichever difference is greater.
The system will proceed to route an order unless and until it crosses the greater of these two price collars, and if it does so, then the system will block further routings of the order that fall outside of the collars. For example, if the NBBO is $99 x $100
at the time of entry of a buy order, then the system will route the order at prices at or below $105, but will stop doing so if the offer price rises above $105 (five percent of the NBO).
(g) Maximum Order Volume Check - This control will automatically reject an order for routing away that exceeds a maximum volume of shares. As applied to equity orders, the default maximum order volume is set at 25,000 shares, but
the Participant may request that the Exchange set a higher default based on historic volume.
(h) Maximum Single Order Notional Check – When enabled by a Participant this optional control will allow a Participant to limit the maximum dollar amount that the Participant may associate with an order placed on the Exchange;
(i) Cumulative Order Volume Check - This control will automatically block an attempt by a Participant using a particular MPID to route orders away to buy or sell equity securities that, cumulatively, exceed 9.5 million shares during
a five second time period;
(j) Duplication Control - This control will automatically reject an order that a Participant submits to the Exchange to the extent that it is duplicative of another order that the Participant submitted to the Exchange during the immediately
preceding period of time configurable for up to 30 seconds;
(k) Restricted Stock List - This control restricts the types of securities transacted (including restricted securities and hard to borrow securities);
(l) ADV Check - This control relates to the size of an order as compared to the consolidated average daily volume of the security (including the ability to specify the minimum value on which such control is based if the average daily
volume of the securities is below such value);
(m) Fat Finger Protection - This control relates to the price of an order by evaluating whether the limit price is set too aggressively through the NBBO (percentage-based and dollar-based controls are available);
(n) Rate Thresholds Check - This control restricts the maximum number of messages that can be sent in a configurable rolling interval (including per port and per symbol);
(o) Market Impact Check - This control restricts an incoming order limit price from being priced through the far-side of the current LULD bands; and
(p) Gross Exposure Check - This control measures open, executed, or notional exposure; and, when breached, prevents submission of all new orders and, optionally, cancels all open orders.
Amended Nov. 23, 2020 (SR-NASDAQ-2020-079); amended Aug. 8, 2022 (SR-NASDAQ-2022-047), operative Feb. 22, 2023; amended Dec. 20, 2022 (SR-NASDAQ-2022-080), operative Mar. 27, 2023.
(a) Definitions. For the purposes of this rule the term:
(1) "Imbalance" shall mean the amount of Eligible Interest that may not be matched with other orders at a particular price at any given time.
(2) "Order Imbalance Indicator" shall mean a message disseminated by electronic means containing information about Eligible Interest and the price at which such interest would execute at the time of dissemination. The Order
Imbalance Indicator shall disseminate the following information:
(A) "Current Reference Price" shall mean the highest price at which the maximum amount of Eligible Interest can be paired.
(B) the amount of Eligible Interest that is paired at the Current Reference Price;
(C) the size of any Imbalance at the Current Reference Price; and
(D) the buy/sell direction of any Imbalance.
(3) "Nasdaq EVI Cross" shall mean the process for determining the price at which Eligible Interest shall be executed. All prices referred to in this rule shall be in minimum increments of one penny.
(4) "Eligible Interest" shall mean any priced order that may be entered into the system for the EVI Cross.
(5) "EVI" shall mean any Equity Value Indicator Tracking Security which is issued for the purpose of generating a market-based value of employee stock options for purposes of FASB Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment. The number of EVIs made available via the EVI Cross, the limit price, if any, of the EVIs, and the terms of the EVIs shall be determined by the EVI issuer which shall make that information available to the public at the earliest
time practicable.
(b) Processing of Nasdaq EVI Cross.
(1)
(A) No later than 4:00 p.m. EST on the day of the scheduled EVI Cross, a Nasdaq member authorized to act for the EVI Issuer shall direct in writing that Nasdaq enter into the System a single sell order with the quantity and limit
price if any of EVI Eligible Interest. The sell order may not be modified after 4:00p.m. and may be cancelled after 4:00 p.m. only in connection with a cancellation of the EVI Cross as set forth in subsection (c) below.
(B) Beginning at 8:00 a.m. and continuing until 4:59:59 p.m. Nasdaq members may enter buy orders into the System. Except as provided below, once entered, buy orders may be cancelled but may not be modified.
(C) The EVI Cross shall occur at 5:00 p.m. EST. in the manner set forth below unless the time of execution is extended. The time of execution of the EVI Cross shall be extended only if the Current Reference Price of the EVI security
changes by 1 percent or more between 4:59 p.m. and 5:00 p.m, in which case the time of the EVI Cross will be extended by 2 minutes. The time of execution of the EVI Cross shall be extended for an additional 2 minutes if the Current Reference Price of the EVI
Security changes by 1 percent or more in the final minute of a two-minute extension. The time of execution of the EVI Cross shall be extended no more than 30 times. If the time of execution of the EVI Cross has been extended 10 times, order cancellation will
be prohibited.
(2) At 4:00 p.m. and continuing through the execution of the EVI Cross, Nasdaq shall disseminate by electronic means an Order Imbalance Indicator every minute for the first 45 minutes and every 15 seconds thereafter.
(3) The Nasdaq EVI Cross shall occur at the highest price that maximizes the amount of Eligible Interest to be executed.
(4) If the Nasdaq EVI Cross price is selected and less than all Eligible Interest that is available would be executed, all Eligible Interest shall be executed at the Nasdaq EVI Cross price in price/time priority.
(5) All Eligible Interest executed in the Nasdaq EVI Cross shall be executed at the Nasdaq EVI Cross price, trade reported to the National Securities Clearing Corporation and disseminated via a data feed.
(c) The EVI Cross shall be cancelled if:
(1) The issuer determines prior to 4:45 p.m. on the date scheduled for the EVI Cross to cancel its participation; or
(2) The common stock of the issuer is in a halted state at 4:45 p.m. on the date scheduled for the EVI Cross.
(d) The issuer of an EVI Security shall become eligible to participate in the Nasdaq EVI Cross by paying a fee as follows:
(1) Two percent of the total value of the EVI offering up to a maximum of $10,000,000 of total value, plus
(2) One and one half percent of the total value of the EVI offering above $10,000,000 of total value, and
(3) The maximum fee shall be $1,500,000.
This fee shall be refunded if no EVI Cross is executed. This fee shall include all processing of the EVI Cross, including order entry, order execution, imbalance information dissemination, and transmission to the appropriate clearing
agency. Nasdaq members not issuing securities shall pay no fees to participate in the Nasdaq EVI Cross.
Amended Nov. 23, 2020 (SR-NASDAQ-2020-079).